Engine, system and method of providing cloud-based business valuation and associated services

ABSTRACT

A computer-implemented engine, system and method for generating business valuations, scoring, and/or flagging over a network, responsively to information input by a user remote from the engine, system and method. The invention may include a graphical user interface capable of locally querying a user to input the company information, at least one network port capable of remotely receiving the company information from the graphical user interface, and at least one engine communicatively connected to the at least one network port, which engine preferably includes a plurality of rules to generate, responsively to the input company information, at least one of a business valuation, a business score, and/or one or more business flags to be used as indicators in a network marketplace, for the company associated with the inputted company information.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application is a continuation in part of U.S. patent applicationSer. No. 14/310,323, filed Jun. 6, 2014, which is a continuation of U.S.patent application Ser. No. 13/312,426, filed Dec. 6, 2011, which claimspriority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/547,182, filedOct. 14, 2011, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/493,647,filed Jun. 6, 2011; and is also a continuation of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 13/308,624, filed Dec. 1, 2011, and U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 13/308,701, both of which claim priority to U.S.Provisional Patent Application No. 61/493,647, filed Jun. 6, 2011, theentireties of which are expressly incorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to the financial aspects associated with abusiness, and, more particularly, to an engine, system and method ofproviding cloud-based business valuation and associated services.

2. Background of the Invention

There are over 30 million small businesses in the U.S., and over 200million small businesses globally. These small businesses may beseverely limited by a lack of knowledge regarding their respectivebusinesses and the assets thereof. Over 85% of the small businesses thatultimately request a valuation to address these limitations do so in aneffort to buy or sell a business, or to obtain financing and/orinvestment. Moreover, as the availability of investment monies, businessloans and government grants has decreased due to a worsening in theeconomy, an ability to assess and reasonably present a valid valuationto the sources of such monies, grants and loans has become an absolutenecessity.

This limitation on small businesses may create a ripple effect thataffects other businesses. For example, retail banking entities may havedifficulty increasing the numbers of or performance of small businessloans; accountants may have difficulty servicing small businesses andderiving revenue therefrom; government grant issuers may have difficultyassessing the quality of prospective grant recipients; insurance agentsand financial advisors may have difficulty explaining or assessingproper service levels for owners or principals of small businesses;large businesses may have difficulty assessing target acquisitions orquality partners; and legal professionals and similar service providersmay have difficulty assessing quality clientele on which to focusservices. As such, there exists an urgent need to generate leads and/orguidance for financiers, business brokers, service providers, serviceagents, and the like.

Web 2.0 applications are those applications that facilitate interactiveinformation sharing, interoperability, collaboration, and ease of usefor offerings on the World Wide Web (WWW, also referred to as theInternet or a network). Web 2.0 thus provides an environment in whichmay be addressed the aforementioned chilling effect of the lack ofunderstanding of, in particular, small business valuation on thetransaction flow across the afore-discussed business parties. However,to date, web 2.0 technology has not been provided that addresses thislack of understanding in a uniform, easy-to-use manner, and that therebyremedies the chilling effect that this lack of understanding has ontransaction flow.

Thus, there exists a need for an engine, system and method that providesan easy-to-use, highly valid, cloud-based business valuation, and thatadditionally provides relevant services typically associated therewith.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention includes at least a computer-implemented engine,system and method for generating business valuations, scoring, and/orflagging over a network, responsively to information input by a userremote from the engine, system and method. The present invention mayinclude a graphical user interface capable of locally querying a user toinput the company information, which may comprise at least generalcompany information, company financial information, and company presenceinformation.

The engine, system and method may additionally include at least onenetwork port capable of remotely receiving the company information fromthe graphical user interface. The invention may further include at leastone engine communicatively connected to the at least one network port,which engine preferably includes a plurality of rules to generate,responsively to the input company information, at least one of abusiness valuation, a business score, and/or one or more business flagsto be used as indicators in a network marketplace, for the companyassociated with the inputted company information.

Thus, the present invention provides an engine, system and method thatprovides an easy-to-use, highly valid, cloud-based business valuation,and the relevant services typically associated therewith. It is to beunderstood that both the foregoing general description and the followingdetailed description are exemplary and explanatory, and are intended toprovide further explanation of the invention as discussedhereinthroughout.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings are included to provide a furtherunderstanding of the disclosed embodiments. In the drawings, likenumerals represent like elements, and:

FIG. 1 illustrates an aspect of an exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 2 illustrates an aspect of an exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 3 illustrates an aspect of an exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 4 illustrates an aspect of an exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 5 illustrates an aspect of an exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 6 illustrates an aspect of an exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 7 illustrates an aspect of an exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 8 illustrates an aspect of an exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 9 illustrates an aspect of an exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 10 illustrates an aspect of an exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 11 illustrates an aspect of an exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 12 illustrates an aspect of an exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 13 illustrates an aspect of an exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 14 illustrates an aspect of an exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 15 illustrates an aspect of an exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 16 illustrates an aspect of an exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 17 illustrates an aspect of an exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 18 illustrates an aspect of an exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 19 illustrates an aspect of an exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 20 illustrates an aspect of an exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 21 illustrates an aspect of an exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 22 illustrates an aspect of an exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 23 illustrates an aspect of an exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 24 illustrates an aspect of an exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 25 illustrates an aspect of an exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 26 illustrates an aspect of an exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 27 illustrates an aspect of an exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 28 illustrates an aspect of an exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 29 illustrates an aspect of an exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 30 illustrates an aspect of an exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 31 illustrates an aspect of an exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 32 illustrates an aspect of an exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention; and

FIG. 33 illustrates an aspect of an exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention; and

FIG. 34 illustrates an aspect of an exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention.

FIG. 35 illustrates an aspect of an exemplary embodiment of thedisclosure;

FIG. 36 illustrates an aspect of an exemplary embodiment of thedisclosure;

FIG. 37 illustrates an aspect of an exemplary embodiment of thedisclosure;

FIG. 38 illustrates an aspect of an exemplary embodiment of thedisclosure;

FIG. 39 illustrates an aspect of an exemplary embodiment of thedisclosure; and

FIG. 40 illustrates an aspect of an exemplary embodiment of thedisclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Computer-implemented platforms, engines, systems and methods of use aredisclosed that provide networked access to a plurality of types ofdigital content, including but not limited to video, audio, metadata,interactive and document content, and that track, deliver manipulate,transform and report the accessed content. Described embodiments ofthese platforms, engines, systems and methods are intended to beexemplary and not limiting. As such, it is contemplated that the hereindescribed systems and methods can be adapted to provide many types ofcloud-based valuations, scoring, marketplaces, and the like, and can beextended to provide enhancements and/or additions to the exemplaryplatforms, engines, systems and methods described. The invention is thusintended to include all such extensions. Reference will now be made indetail to various exemplary and illustrative embodiments of the presentinvention.

FIG. 1 depicts an exemplary computing system 100 for use in accordancewith herein described system and methods. Computing system 100 iscapable of executing software, such as an operating system (OS) and avariety of computing applications 190. The operation of exemplarycomputing system 100 is controlled primarily by computer readableinstructions, such as instructions stored in a computer readable storagemedium, such as hard disk drive (HDD) 115, optical disk (not shown) suchas a CD or DVD, solid state drive (not shown) such as a USB “thumbdrive,” or the like. Such instructions may be executed within centralprocessing unit (CPU) 110 to cause computing system 100 to performoperations. In many known computer servers, workstations, personalcomputers, and the like, CPU 110 is implemented in an integrated circuitcalled a processor.

It is appreciated that, although exemplary computing system 100 is shownto comprise a single CPU 110, such description is merely illustrative ascomputing system 100 may comprise a plurality of CPUs 110. Additionally,computing system 100 may exploit the resources of remote CPUs (notshown), for example, through communications network 170 or some otherdata communications means.

In operation, CPU 110 fetches, decodes, and executes instructions from acomputer readable storage medium such as HDD 115. Such instructions canbe included in software such as an operating system (OS), executableprograms, and the like. Information, such as computer instructions andother computer readable data, is transferred between components ofcomputing system 100 via the system's main data-transfer path. The maindata-transfer path may use a system bus architecture 105, although othercomputer architectures (not shown) can be used, such as architecturesusing serializers and deserializers and crossbar switches to communicatedata between devices over serial communication paths. System bus 105 caninclude data lines for sending data, address lines for sendingaddresses, and control lines for sending interrupts and for operatingthe system bus. Some busses provide bus arbitration that regulatesaccess to the bus by extension cards, controllers, and CPU 110. Devicesthat attach to the busses and arbitrate access to the bus are called busmasters. Bus master support also allows multiprocessor configurations ofthe busses to be created by the addition of bus master adapterscontaining processors and support chips.

Memory devices coupled to system bus 105 can include random accessmemory (RAM) 125 and read only memory (ROM) 130. Such memories includecircuitry that allows information to be stored and retrieved. ROMs 130generally contain stored data that cannot be modified. Data stored inRAM 125 can be read or changed by CPU 110 or other hardware devices.Access to RAM 125 and/or ROM 130 may be controlled by memory controller120. Memory controller 120 may provide an address translation functionthat translates virtual addresses into physical addresses asinstructions are executed. Memory controller 120 may also provide amemory protection function that isolates processes within the system andisolates system processes from user processes. Thus, a program runningin user mode can normally access only memory mapped by its own processvirtual address space; it cannot access memory within another process'virtual address space unless memory sharing between the processes hasbeen set up.

In addition, computing system 100 may contain peripheral controller 135responsible for communicating instructions using a peripheral bus fromCPU 110 to peripherals, such as printer 140, keyboard 145, and mouse150. An example of a peripheral bus is the Peripheral ComponentInterconnect (PCI) bus.

Display 160, which is controlled by display controller 155, can be usedto display visual output and/or presentation generated by or at therequest of computing system 100. Such visual output may include text,graphics, animated graphics, and/or video, for example. Display 160 maybe implemented with a CRT-based video display, an LCD-based flat-paneldisplay, gas plasma-based flat-panel display, touch-panel, or the like.Display controller 155 includes electronic components required togenerate a video signal that is sent to display 160.

Further, computing system 100 may contain network adapter 165 which maybe used to couple computing system 100 to an external communicationnetwork 170, which may include or provide access to the Internet.Communications network 170 may provide user access for computing system100 with means of communicating and transferring software andinformation electronically. Additionally, communications network 170 mayprovide for distributed processing, which involves several computers andthe sharing of workloads or cooperative efforts in performing a task. Itis appreciated that the network connections shown are exemplary andother means of establishing communications links between computingsystem 100 and remote users may be used.

It is appreciated that exemplary computing system 100 is merelyillustrative of a computing environment in which the herein describedsystems and methods may operate and does not limit the implementation ofthe herein described systems and methods in computing environmentshaving differing components and configurations, as the inventiveconcepts described herein may be implemented in various computingenvironments using various components and configurations.

As shown in FIG. 2, computing system 100 can be deployed in networkedcomputing environment 200. In general, the above description forcomputing system 100 applies to server, client, and peer computersdeployed in a networked environment, for example, server 205, laptopcomputer 210, and desktop computer 230. FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplaryillustrative networked computing environment 200, with a server incommunication with client computing and/or communicating devices via acommunications network, in which the herein described apparatus andmethods may be employed.

As shown in FIG. 2, server 205 may be interconnected via acommunications network 240 (which may include any of, or any combinationof, a fixed-wire or wireless LAN, WAN, intranet, extranet, peer-to-peernetwork, virtual private network, the Internet, or other communicationsnetwork such as POTS, ISDN, VoIP, PSTN, etc.) with a number of clientcomputing/communication devices such as laptop computer 210, wirelessmobile telephone 215, wired telephone 220, personal digital assistant225, user desktop computer 230, and/or other communication enableddevices (not shown). Server 205 can comprise dedicated servers operableto process and communicate data such as digital content 250 to and fromclient devices 210, 215, 220, 225, 230, etc. using any of a number ofknown protocols, such as hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP), filetransfer protocol (FTP), simple object access protocol (SOAP), wirelessapplication protocol (WAP), or the like. Additionally, networkedcomputing environment 200 can utilize various data security protocolssuch as secured socket layer (SSL), pretty good privacy (PGP), virtualprivate network (VPN) security, or the like. Each client device 210,215, 220, 225, 230, etc. can be equipped with an operating systemoperable to support one or more computing and/or communicationapplications, such as a web browser (not shown), email (not shown), orthe like, to interact with server 205.

The present invention is a web 2.0 online, thin client service thatprovides cloud-based business valuations and associated services, andthat may additionally provide intellectual property and prospectivebusiness valuations and associated services. The present inventionincludes a networked engine, system and method that may provide thevaluations, and that may additionally provide the equivalent of a FICOcredit score for business, flagging to provide a marketplace forbusiness seeking investors and acquirers, and various other services.

The present invention may preferably provide a simple process with alimited number of interactive steps posing queries to a requesting user,such as between 3 and 7 steps, preferably 7 steps, or between 3 and 10steps, for example. The steps are designed to use basic, yet key factorsknown or readily available to the requesting user, as input to the rulesengine of the present invention. Key factors may or may not incorporatenetworked and/or third party information as additional input, to providea multi-tiered, highly valid estimate of business value. This valuationmay be, for example, for a prospective business or prospective line ofbusiness, for a current business or current line of business, and/or forthe intellectual property of a business as that intellectual propertycontributes to business value.

In a preferred embodiment, an electronic and/or written valuation reportmay be provided to a user as output from the engine, and responsive tothe inputs to the engine. Such a report may be provided via thin client,thick client, mobile app, widget, or the like, and is preferablyprovided as software as a service (SaaS), by way of non-limitingexample. As such, the presentation of the present invention provided toa requesting user, as discussed further herein, may likewise be providedas a thin-client, a thick client app, an app, a mobile app, a widget, orthe like.

A report according to the present invention may preferably set forth thevalue estimates, and in addition may set forth detailed support for thevalue estimates, and as such the report may be an abbreviated report ofvaluation, or a detailed report of valuation. As referenced above, suchvalue estimates may be multi-tiered, preferably incorporate at least theinformation entered at the aforementioned steps, and may additionallyincorporate networked, locally stored, and/or third party information.

The present invention may focus on small to midsize businesses for thevaluation and associated services discussed herein, as such an area hasthe greatest need for the services provided by the present invention.However, the present invention may additionally have applicability forall parties in a transactional flow, such as larger businesses, whereinthe larger businesses may or may not be seeking to acquire thevalued-smaller business, and such as those offering loans, grants, andservices, such as insurance, accounting or legal services. As such, allparties in a business-related transactional flow may benefit from theconvenience, speed, accuracy, validity, and low cost of valuations andassociated services provided by the rules engine of the presentinvention responsive to the requesting user and/or third-partyinformation inputs.

The easy-to-use, thin client user interface (UI) provided by thepresentation layer of the present invention may provide, for example, anoptimized interface that may not only increase convenience, speed,accuracy, validity and cost-effectiveness of valuations, but that mayadditionally enhance conversion rates, increase visitor-ship, andincrease search rankings. Further, an optimized UI may provideadvertisements that may be targeted based on, for example,stored/tracked profile information and/or information entered responsiveto the aforementioned query steps. More highly targeted ads are, ofcourse, increasingly valuable as the targeted audience may be narrowed.

Yet further, tools/apps may be provided in a thin client interface, suchas from engine 302 via the presentation layer as illustrated in FIG. 4,to enhance visitorship and time spent on the site, which may furtherenhance advertising revenues. By way of non-limiting example, FIG. 3illustrates a number of tools/apps that may be thus provided. Such toolsmay include, for example, legal or accounting services, marketingassistance, capital management, staffing or payroll management, and/oraccounting and finance.

The engine, system and method discussed hereinthroughout may beprovided, by way of non-limiting example, by the exemplary system 300infrastructure illustrated in FIG. 4. In the illustrated embodiment, thesystem 300 may include an engine 302 for performing the aspectsdiscussed herein, shown as resident in the business knowledge layer 303.The engine 302 may be comprised of computing software that executes aset of rules that function to generate the aspects discussed herein, andhardware necessary to execute such computing functions as discussedabove with respect to FIGS. 1 and 2.

Engine 302 may, for example, gather inputs from various sources, mostpreferably including at least the inputs received from the requestinguser responsive to the aforementioned steps, such as the 3 to 10 steps,or more preferably 7 steps, discussed hereinthroughout, to therebytransform the inputs into valuations and associated services asdiscussed. By way of non-limiting example, FIG. 5 illustrates anexemplary flow of a 3 step query process according to the presentinvention. FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary flow of a 7 step processaccording to the present invention.

The engine 302 may be, in a preferred embodiment, a rules engineembedded in the business knowledge layer 303. Typically, a rules engine302 is defined to include a software component that readily allows forthe addition of or changes to business logic in a process managementsystem. A business rule is a computing statement that uses businesslogic to describe a policy, procedure or calculation. Business logicdescribes the sequence of operations that may be associated with data ina database to carry out the applicable business rule.

A rules engine generally separates execution code for the rules from therest of process management. Thus, when a change is made to a rule orrules, the rules engine may evaluate the change's effect on other rulesand flag any conflict without effecting the remainder of the processes.A rules engine may include a rule repository, such as a database, forstoring the rules, a rule editor, such as a user interface, that allowsusers to define, design, document and edit the rules, a reportingcomponent that allows users to query and report existing rules, and arules engine execution core, which is comprised of the programming codethat enforces the rules.

Function calls for engine 302 may be made to the AJAX stack 304 a, b,which may be provided server side for local engine 302 calls and clientside for remote calls, as illustrated. Client side presentation may bemade via the presentation layer 306, as illustrated, and client-sideinformation may be requested and received thereby. The data layer 308may receive various data feeds, and may store additional data, whereinsuch data may be received from the network, such as from the Internetcloud. Such data may be gained, for example, via directed search, spideror crawl search, data streaming, or the like. Such data may include, byway of non-limiting example, third party reporting (such as Dunn &Bradstreet, by way of non-limiting example), searching for positive ornegative references to the entity being valuated, industry specificinformation, intellectual property information, taxation or publicfinancial information, or the like.

Data in data layer 308 may additionally include, for example, arepository of educational information for requesting users, such asinformation regarding taking on investment for requesting users thatindicate the requested valuation is made because investment is sought.For example, electronic guides may thus be provided and stored as systemdata, such as guides regarding buying and selling businesses, obtainingloans, grants, and investment, writing a business plan or investorpresentation, or the like.

Likewise, industry intelligence may be accumulated at block 310. Suchindustry intelligence may be gained via the cloud, and additionally maybe gained by the engine 302 based on the repeated running of valuationsby engine 302. Industry intelligence may include monitoring of a websiteprovided via the presentation layer 306. Such monitoring may include,for example, traffic monitoring, user feedback, and the like, and mayadditionally include, such as via the third party application interface311 reached from engine 302, the use of third party monitoring, such asGoogle Analytics, Kampyle, Bizo, Clicktale, and the like. Industryintelligence may be accumulated by, for example, industry sector orcustomer type (i.e., licensee, individual, etc.).

Information may be provided to the API 314, for ultimate use by engine302, by any of a variety of feeds, such as via the cloud. Therefore,information may be gained from a third party, such as via a search orthe like. Information may further pass, for example, from third partyapplications (such as may be provided by credit agencies, Dunn &Bradstreet, governmental agencies, or the like) through the API 314 tothe engine 302.

Key elements provided by engine 302 in the business knowledge layer mayinclude the services 320 provided via application of the valuationcriteria 322. The services 320 may include, for example, straightvaluation based on the criteria 322 as applied to the informationprovided via the data layer 308, via third party applications and API314, via industry intelligence 310 and via client-side 306. Services 320may further include flagging, as discussed hereinbelow, to indicate aprospective investor, or other small business or large businessstatuses, for example, for indication to the business knowledge layercomprising engine 302. Yet further, services 320 may include a financialhealth or similar scoring, as also discussed hereinbelow, such as may becalculated pursuant to criteria 322 based on at least entered data, suchas those data used to calculate the valuation service as referencedabove.

The valuation service 322 may include, for example, the provision of avaluation report using only minimal information provided by therequesting user. Such a valuation report may additionally be generatedusing access to outside/third party information and databases. Further,the system 300 may allow for the use of the databases at the data layer308 to securely store, and reproduce upon request, all valuations and/orscores generated. Thereby, valuation reports may be modified and/orupdated, and such modification may occur periodically.

In an exemplary embodiment, the requesting user may receive arecommendation, such as via presentation layer 306, to returnperiodically to update a valuation, and/or to receive a modifiedvaluation responsive to, for example, a change in the circumstances ofthe requesting business, or a change in a respective industry asindicated by the external information originally used in the initialvaluation. By way of non-limiting example, a significant paradigm shift,such as the recent proliferation of tablet computers, might cause allparties that had requested valuations and that fall in verticalsassociated with tablet computers to receive an invitation to revisit anearlier valuation.

In an exemplary embodiment of a simple valuation in accordance withvaluation service 322, engine 302 may perform numerous steps to arriveat the simple valuation. The engine may calculate a function for theyear-weighted average of certain variables for which a value iscollected for three years, such as revenue, pretax income, inventory andthe like. This function is herein denoted as w(y1, y2, y3), where y1 isthe value of the subject variable for the most recent year (i.e. 2010),y2 is the value for the previous year (i.e. 2009), and y3 is the valuefor the year before that (i.e. 2008). The function w(y1, y2, y3) may becalculated as follows:

If variable y1 (recent year) is not provided, then the average is 0.

-   -   Else, if y1 is provided then:        -   If y1 is the only provided year, (and y2 and y3 are not            provided), then average is y1 itself;    -   Else, if y1 and y2 are provided (and y3 is not), the average is:

(y1×0.7)+(y2×0.3);

-   -   Else, if y1 and y3 are provided (and y2 is not), the average is:

(y1×0.7)+(y3×0.3);

-   -   And finally, if y1, y2 and y3 are provided, the average is:

(y1×0.5)+(y2×0.33)+(y3×0.17).

The function w(var) is used to denote the year-weighted average functionfor the subject variable, var, over the three years—that is,w(inventory) is equivalent to w(inventoryY1, inventoryY2, inventoryY3).

The engine 302 may calculate a valuation multiplier as dependent on anindustryMultiplier and a growthMultiplier. The industryMultiplier may belooked up externally by engine 302, such as by NAICS code. ThegrowthMultiplier may be looked up by revenueGrowth and ebitdaMargin,such as by using a table similar to the example illustrated in Table 1.

TABLE 1 Long Term EBITDA Margin 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50%55% Projected  5% 0.3 0.7 1 1.3 1.6 2 2.3 2.6 2.9 3.3 3.6 Revenue 10%0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2 2.4 2.8 3.2 3.6 4 4.3 15% 0.5 1 1.4 1.9 2.4 2.9 3.43.8 4.3 4.8 5.1 20% 0.6 1.1 1.7 2.2 2.8 3.3 3.9 4.5 5 5.6 5.9 25% 0.61.3 1.9 2.5 3.2 3.8 4.4 5.1 5.7 6.3 6.6 30% 0.7 1.4 2.1 2.8 3.6 4.3 55.7 6.4 7.1 7.4 35% 0.8 1.6 2.4 3.2 3.9 4.7 5.5 6.3 7.1 7.9 8.2 40% 0.91.7 2.6 3.5 4.3 5.2 6.1 6.9 7.8 8.7 9 45% 0.9 1.9 2.8 3.8 4.7 5.7 6.67.5 8.5 9.4 9.7 50% 1 2 3.1 4.1 5.1 6.1 7.1 8.2 9.2 10.2 10.5 55% 1.32.3 3.4 4.4 5.4 6.4 7.4 8.5 9.5 10.5 10.8 60% 1.6 2.6 3.7 4.7 5.7 6.77.7 8.8 9.8 10.8 11.1 65% 1.9 2.9 4 5 6 7 8 9.1 10.1 11.1 11.4 70% 2.23.2 4.3 5.3 6.3 7.3 8.3 9.4 10.4 11.4 11.7 75% 2.5 3.5 4.6 5.6 6.6 7.68.6 9.7 10.7 11.7 12 80% 2.8 3.8 4.9 5.9 6.9 7.9 8.9 10 11 12 12.3 85%3.1 4.1 5.2 6.2 7.2 8.2 9.2 10.3 11.3 12.3 12.6 90% 3.4 4.4 5.5 6.5 7.58.5 9.5 10.6 11.6 12.6 12.9 95% 3.7 4.7 5.8 6.8 7.8 8.8 9.8 10.9 11.912.9 13.2 100%  4 5 6.1 7.1 8.1 9.1 10.1 11.2 12.2 13.2 13.5 Long TermEBITDA Margin 60% 65% 70% 75% 80% 85% 90% 95% 100% Projected  5% 3.9 4.24.5 4.8 5.1 5.4 5.7 6 6.3 Revenue 10% 4.6 4.9 5.2 5.5 5.8 6.1 6.4 6.7 715% 5.4 5.7 6 6.3 6.6 6.9 7.2 7.5 7.8 20% 6.2 6.5 6.8 7.1 7.4 7.7 8 8.38.6 25% 6.9 7.2 7.5 7.8 8.1 8.4 8.7 9 9.3 30% 7.7 8 8.3 8.6 8.9 9.2 9.59.8 10.1 35% 8.5 8.8 9.1 9.4 9.7 10 10.3 10.6 10.9 40% 9.3 9.6 9.9 10.210.5 10.8 11.1 11.4 11.7 45% 10 10.3 10.6 10.9 11.2 11.5 11.8 12.1 12.450% 10.8 11.1 11.4 11.7 12 12.3 12.6 12.9 13.2 55% 11.1 11.4 11.7 1212.3 12.6 12.9 13.2 13.5 60% 11.4 11.7 12 12.3 12.6 12.9 13.2 13.5 13.865% 11.7 12 12.3 12.6 12.9 13.2 13.5 13.8 14.1 70% 12 12.3 12.6 12.913.2 13.5 13.8 14.1 14.4 75% 12.3 12.6 12.9 13.2 13.5 13.8 14.1 14.414.7 80% 12.6 12.9 13.2 13.5 13.8 14.1 14.4 14.7 15 85% 12.9 13.2 13.513.8 14.1 14.4 14.7 15 15.3 90% 13.2 13.5 13.8 14.1 14.4 14.7 15 15.315.6 95% 13.5 13.8 14.1 14.4 14.7 15 15.3 15.6 15.9 100%  13.8 14.1 14.414.7 15 15.3 15.6 15.9 16.2

The actual multiplier may then be calculated as:

-   -   If growthMultiplier>industryMultiplier then:

${multiplier} = \frac{{g\mspace{14mu} {growMultiplier}} + {industryMultiplier}}{2}$

-   -   Else

multiplier=industryMultiplier.

Seller's discretionary earnings (SDE) may then be calculated as:

-   -   1. Sum the year-weight averages of . . .

SDE=w(pretaxIncome)

-   -   -   w(ownerSalary)        -   w(ownerBenefits)        -   w(onetimeBenefits)        -   w(noncashltems)        -   w(interestExpense)\        -   w(onetimeCosts)

    -   2. Adjust to inflation.

    -   3. Adjust to pre-tax growth.

Next, the valuation value may be calculated. The SDE may be multipliedby the selected multiplier, and may have applied thereto a series ofindustry-specific adjustment factors which may, for example, again beobtained external to system 200 by engine 202:

valuation=SDE×multiplier.

Adjustments may include, for example:

-   -   1. Negative valuation adjustment:        -   If valuation≦0, then

${valuation} = \frac{{w({revenue})} \times {growthMultiplier}}{2}$

-   -   2. Adjust to recurring revenue:    -   3. Adjust to intellectual property:    -   4. Adjust to percent of sales from top three customers:    -   5. Adjust to the “if the owner left” impact:    -   6. If the valuation is negative at this point, it may be reset        to 0, or alternative calculation methodologies may be employed        by engine 202.    -   7. Subtract debt for recent year only.    -   8. Add cash for recent year only.    -   9. Subtract 50% of depreciation for recent year only.    -   10. Add fixed Assets for recent year only.    -   11. Add 80% of accounts receivable for recent year only.    -   12. Add 75% of inventory for recent year only.

Thereby, an exemplary valuation may be obtained. Of course, thoseskilled in the pertinent arts will appreciate that other calculationmeans, or adjustments, may be employed by engine 302, and further thatcertain calculations performed by engine 302 may constitute reportable,standalone calculations that may be output in a report by engine 302. Byway of non-limiting example, a specific intellectual property valuationmay be performed, either as a stand-alone report or as a part of theaforementioned business valuation. In such an embodiment, each patent orpatent application may be assigned a value. For example, a patent's orpatent application's value may be calculated as:

-   -   1. Assess Patent Office's assigned search fields for the        patent/application as percentage values of gross-domestic        product (“GDP”) (such as may be obtained external to system 200        by engine 202);    -   2. Assess patent breadth:        -   If number of independent claims=1, assign+1;        -   If number of independent claims=2 or 3, assign+2;        -   If number of independent claims>3, assign+3;        -   If at least 1 independent claim has 3 or fewer claim            limitations, assign+3;        -   If at least 1 independent claim has 5 or fewer claim            limitations, assign+2;    -   3. Assess number of competitors with vertical market share        greater than 10% in the assessed area of GDP;    -   4. Assess patent's/application's value:    -   If assigned value=+5 or 6, then value is lesser of 10% of the        vertical market share in the assessed area of GDP, or $2.5        million, or alternatively is the average of 10% of the vertical        market share and $2.5 million;    -   If assigned value=+3 or 4, then value is lesser of 5% of        vertical market share or $1 million, or alternatively is the        average of 5% of the vertical market share and $1 million;    -   If assigned value=+1 or 2, then the value may alternately be        assigned as $100,000, the cost of pursuing the patent (as        entered by the requesting user), or 1% of the vertical market        share.

Similarly, a patent's or application's value may be obtained by theengine 302 by gaining information external to system 300, such as viasearching at blocks 310 or 314, in relation to other patent propertiessold in the field of search, by way of non-limiting example.

Services 320 may additionally include a financial health scoring, forexample, as discussed further hereinbelow. A score may be generated foreach business participating in the engine 302 of the invention. Suchscoring may be automatically generated pursuant to a valuation service,or may be separately generated, such as for a separate or lesser feefrom a valuation service. Thereby, normalized across-industry scores fora large number of businesses may allow for expedited comparison, such asby prospective investors or acquirers, between those businesses. Thescores may be provided via a simple search interface, and/or a search byindustry, location, name, principals, email address, address, reason forvaluation, financial information, valuation or score range, combinationsthereof or the like.

The searchability of scores may be particularly advantageous ifassociated with the flagging discussed herein—that is, if a simplesearch can be performed to find businesses having a particular score orrange of scores, and the businesses returned responsive to the searchmay be broken down by which ones are, for example, seeking investors,the present invention will thereby greatly facilitate the occurrence ofinvestment transactions. Valuations, of course, may be made publiclyavailable in a manner similar to the scores, and may thus likewise beassociated with flagging, such as pursuant to permission received fromthe requesting user to make the valuation and/or scoring publiclyaccessible.

Further, the listing of business values, status, interests in partners,and the like greatly facilitate business transactions. For example,valuations and/or scoring may be comparatively provided in a transactionfor a buyer, a seller, and a combination thereof after acquisition.These comparative values may serve to indicate whether the transactionshould occur. Similarly, such comparative values may be readilyavailable to business sellers, brokers, auctioneers, or sellers ofdistressed assets, such as in order to indicate proper bidding levelsfor purchase in an auction environment, or reasonable initial bids forpurchase, for example.

The presentation layer, AJAX, business knowledge layer, and/or datalayer discussed with respect to this FIG. 4 may be, by way ofnon-limiting example, java based (such as javascript, J2EE, JSON, jqueryand JDBC). Database(s) of the present invention may be, for example,mysql, and searching may be performed, by way of non-limiting example,via Solr. Additionally, presentation may be made via the presentationlayer 306 using html, xml, and CSS, among many others that will beapparent to those skilled in the pertinent arts.

Moreover, the presentation layer may provide the access to engine 302as, for example, a widget. As used herein, a widget is a stand-aloneapplication comprising embeddable “chunks” of code that can be embeddedinto third party sites by a user, such as onto a webpage, blog, orprofile on a social media site. A widget according to the presentinvention provides a dynamic web app that may be shared across anywebsites to which the code chunks may be installed and embedded.Installation may occur, for example, by copying and pasting the embeddedcode, or widget, into the desired page. Simplistic widget functions mayinclude link counters and advertising banners, and in the presentinvention may include, for example, providing of the scoring discussedherein pursuant to entry of only limited information by the requestinguser. Needless to say, this widget may drive traffic to a base websiteassociated with engine 302, and may additionally create significantvalue, and drive traffic, for any third party site onto which thiswidget is placed. The present widget is a downloadable application thatlooks and acts as a traditional app, but that that is implemented usingweb technologies such as JavaScript, Flash, HTML and CSS, for example.

FIG. 7 is an exemplary presentation layer 306 page for an arrivingrequesting user. As illustrated, the limited steps may be presented,either in a predetermined order or in a grouped or random order, to therequesting user, such as upon login and/or payment and/or completion ofentry of account setup information. The query steps may include, forexample, the categories of general company information, financialinformation, and plant and operations information. Thus, the entry ofinformation by the requesting user may be as simple as completing threesteps.

FIG. 7 illustrates an exemplary aspect of the general companyinformation step which, as illustrated in FIGS. 7-13, may be the firstof between 3 and 7 steps to establish a business valuation by engine302. As shown, the requesting user may be asked to enter, by way ofnon-limiting example, the business name, business category, industry andreason for valuation. As discussed herein, this information may be usedto provide information regarding the output valuation or scoring viasearch.

Similarly, FIG. 8 illustrates the entry of general company information,such as address, type of company/ownership, number of employees, yearssince incorporation, and the like. Needless to say, although the queriesrelated to the general company profile are shown as independent screensfor the sake of clarity, and the queries of FIGS. 7 and 8 may beprovided separately or in one or more combined steps whereby neededgeneral company information is obtained.

FIGS. 9, 10 and 11 show the accumulation of financial information foruse in a valuation. For clarity, FIGS. 9, 10 and 11 illustrate thequeries within these steps as provided in separate graphical interface(UI) screens, although those skilled in the art will appreciate thatthese queries may be provided in one or more combined steps seekingfinancial information, for example. As illustrated, the requestedfinancial information may include revenue, pretax income, interestexpense and owner salary/benefits, as well as assets in the form ofcash, accounts receivable, inventory, fixed assets, general depreciationand total debt, and additionally the projected revenue growth, grossmargin percentage, recurring revenue rate, intellectual property,debt-to-equity ratio and/or upcoming strategic pursuits. Needless tosay, as discussed herein, helpful information may be provided withregard to the requested information at each stage, such as a detaileddefinition of the requested information.

FIGS. 12 and 13 illustrate the assessment of operations and plantinformation. For clarity, FIGS. 12 and 13 illustrate the queries withinthe steps as provided in separate graphical interface screens, althoughthose skilled in the art will appreciate that these queries may beprovided in one or more steps, for example. As illustrated, requestedoperations and plant information may include, by way of non-limitingexample, effects of loss of key employees, percentage of revenue fromcertain customers, impact of the loss of the owner, portion of researchand development that is performed in-house/outsourced, favorability ofcurrent physical plant, size and cost of physical plant, estimatedfuture financial performance, and/or the level of competition in thefield of endeavor. Such information, and other like information providedin FIGS. 7-13, may be subjectively provided, wherein subjective keywordsare used by engine 202 for algorithmic conversion to objectivecategorical ratings, or the information may be objectively provided, thesubjectivity of the query notwithstanding, such as through the use of avirtual and interactive sliding scale for user data-entry.

Thus, as discussed herein, the query steps may include queries relatedto general company/profile information, financial information (such asincome, assets and growth factors), and operations/personnelinformation. These query steps may be broken down further intoadditional query steps, such as in order to gain additional informationfor a valuation and/or scoring. Such additional information may vary inaccordance with an industry of the requesting user, a type of valuationor scoring requested, or the like. Other factors may be optionally addedto query steps, or may be weighted if entered at the option of therequesting user. Such other factors may include, for example, thirdparty information and/or publicly available information (such as publicrelations information).

By way of non-limiting example, a significant positive announcementregarding a joint venture entered into by the business of the requestinguser may be deemed by engine 302 to have an appreciable positive effecton the valuation or score of the business of the requesting user. Theseother factors may be simple or complex—for example, the number andresults location for the business on Google searches, above or belowaverage marketing realizations for the company's website, and othersimilar factors may be used to indicate company value. Thus, this otherinformation may be obtained from the requesting user via the UI atpresentation layer 306, or may be obtained as otherwise discussed withrespect to system 300.

Upon completion of the aforementioned steps, a valuation report maypreferably be generated by engine 302. The report may be generatedsecurely, such as using encryption via the thin client provided by thepresentation layer, or via secure email, as illustrated in FIG. 14. Thereport so-generated may include, by way of non-limiting example, avaluation in any format, such as pursuant to receipt of payment for thevaluation, and/or may include upsell and like offers. For example, thebase valuation may include a single valuation value reached by engine302, and/or may include a multi-tiered valuation reached by engine 302,such as a worst-case valuation, a highest probability valuation, and/ora best-case valuation. The report may further include, or may includeonly pursuant to purchase of an upsell, an enumeration of factors, anddetails related thereto, relied upon by engine 302 in reaching thevaluation. Such factors may include an indication, such as a numericalrating, of the importance of particular factors in reaching thevaluation. Needless to say, the importance of particular factors mayvary in accordance with the subject tier of a multi-tiered rating.

An exemplary abbreviated valuation is illustrated in FIGS. 15-17. A moredetailed valuation report is illustrated in FIGS. 18-31. As shown,reports, valuation and scoring may be customizable, and further may bestored, such as in association with a user login. Moreover, asillustrated, an aspect of the report may include recommendations forrepeat business, and further may include cross-selling opportunities. Byway of non-limiting example, and as shown, a valuation may include arecommendation as to when an updated valuation should be obtained, suchas pursuant to a certain periodicity, or pursuant to changes in certainfactors deemed key to the valuation. Further, valuations, such as in aprivate labeling embodiment, may be maintained internally to therequester and updated periodically, such as quarterly, for shareholderreports, for example. Likewise, a valuation may include cross-sellingindications as to ways to improve valuation, such as recommendingintellectual property attorneys to increase the size of the requester'sintellectual property portfolio, prospective investors or accountants,and the like.

Related to the valuation, and/or as upsells for the valuation, there maybe offered, for example, other functions also illustrated in theexemplary embodiment of FIG. 14. For example, for an upsell fee, or forno additional fee, the valuation requester may participate in a flaggingprogram, such as to indicate external to the secure system of thepresent invention that the requesting business is for sale, or isseeking investors, for example. Flagging is discussed furtherhereinbelow. Similarly, as shown in the exemplary illustration of FIG.14, there may be offered a participation in listing services, for anadditional fee or no fee. Such listing services may make locatable, suchas via search, one or more of the company and valuation, some or all ofthe query step responses and/or factors related to the valuation,information related to the business, its industry, its location, itsemployees, or the like, and/or the businesses score or rating akin to aFICO score, as also discussed herein.

Further, under the laws of many jurisdictions, both foreign anddomestic, private companies must or may periodically obtain a valuationof the company's worth. In the United States, such a valuation may berequired under Rule 409A, for example, for nonqualified deferredcompensation. Such compensation may include stock options and stockappreciation rights, for example. More particularly, Rule 409A dictatesthat every privately held company that issues nonqualified deferredcompensation must get a formal valuation (i.e., one calculated by athird party), to allow for the issuance of options at a fair marketvalue.

Although certain instruments are not subject to Rule 409A, such asrestricted stock, a Rule 409A valuation may nevertheless allow thecompany to provide third parties with a verified valuation and mayfurther constitute certain information that may be necessary and/ordesirable for tax and other reporting purposes outside typical 409A typecompliance. For example, the information generated and verified by thepresent invention may also be used in conjunction with a FAS 123R and/or157 valuation (herein also referred to, in conjunction with a 409Avaluation, as a “409A valuation” or a “verified valuation”). Similarly,instruments first exempted, such as incentive stock options, may becomesubject to Rule 409A if, for example, it is determined that the fairmarket value of the option price is greater than the strike price at thedate of grant.

A Rule 409A valuation may be completed by an independent, qualified,experienced third party using a reasonable application of a reasonablevaluation method. The Rule 409A valuation, once first completed,generally must be updated, such as every 12 months, for example. Updatesmay be more frequent if, for example, the company experiences asignificant occurrence, such as, for example, a new product release, anew financing round, an expansion or acquisition, or significant fundingor other capital infusion. Compliance with the updating aspects of Rule409A is important, as penalties wrought by certain jurisdictions mayinclude taxation of any under-valued evaluation either to the companyand/or to its employees personally. Such penalties may also include atwenty (20%) percent surcharge and/or additional interest charges.

The valuation of the company, for the purposes of compliance with Rule409A and like regulations, may include any number of valuation pointsand may be dependent on the type of recent activity that triggered theneed for an evaluation and/or update. For example, in an arms-lengthfinancing round, a valuation of the common stock value may be based onthe value of the round using various techniques, including, for example,an option pricing model, such as Black-Scholes, lattice, or Monte Carlo,depending on the complexity of the company's capital structure. Othertechniques may include, for example, a current value method and may bedependent on the complexity of stock issuance and the type of eventsthat have occurred with respect to the company. Importantly, thevaluation may consider facts specific to the company and/or to thecompany's profile and/or data, such as, for example, data on restrictedstock studies in support of calculating a marketability discount, forexample.

In addition to the particular company-based derived values previouslydiscussed herein, a valuation calculated by engine 302 of the presentinvention may also use one or more values related to the followingsources: a) the value of tangible and intangible assets of thecorporation; b) the present value of future cash-flows; c) the marketvalue of stock or equity interests in similar corporations and othercompanies engaged in trades or businesses substantially similar to thoseengaged in by the corporation being valued, the value of which may bedetermined by objective means (such as through trading prices on anestablished market or an amount paid in an arms length privatetransaction); and d) other relevant measures, such as control premiumsor discounts for lack of marketability (as mentioned above) and whetherthe valuation method is used for other purposes that have a materialeconomic effect on the service recipient, its stockholders or itscreditors, for example.

Utilizing the steps enumerated herein, a verified valuation may furtherrely upon additional steps and or actions to provide additional valuepoints and verification of at least one aspect of Rule 409A. By way ofnon-limiting example, and additional 1, 2, 3 or more steps may be addedto the aforementioned inputs requested from the user of engine 302. Assuch, for example, the user may be asked to engage in a 10 step, ratherthan a 7 step, process should the user wish to obtain a Rule 409Avaluation. Moreover, certain of the information, or additionalinformation requested of the user of engine 302 may need to be verifiedor certified information in order to allow for a Rule 409A valuation.Yet further, those skilled in the art will appreciate that a Rule 409Avaluation may have an additional charge, or a unique charge, to the userrelated thereto, and such additional charge or unique charge to the usermay or may not vary in accordance with whether the user is generating anew Rule 409A valuation, or updating a previous one or ones of a Rule409A valuation.

The calculation of a 409 type valuation may include, in addition toother calculations made by the present invention and/or inputted by theuser, stockholder equity and capitalization information, informationregarding materially adverse or favorable changes to the business(including, but not limited to, actual and potential legal actions), andpipeline, forecast and time to close numbers and ratios. As such, theaforementioned additional steps in the valuation in order to receive averified valuation may be (1) stockholder equity and capitalization, (2)material changes to the business (including, but not limited to, actualand potential legal actions), and (3) pipeline, forecast and time toclose.

In addition to the functionality described herein, the use of thepresent invention to provide a 409A type valuation may require the userand/or person inputting information on behalf of the company to sign onsecurely and to authenticate credentials, such as in addition to anylog-in relating to a non-Rule 409A valuation as discussed herein. Onceauthenticated, company information needed to provide a satisfactoryvaluation may be imported through documents, such as spreadsheets andtext documents, and the like. Such documents may be stored by thepresent invention to allow for review and/or comparison of past data,and/or for present day compliance requiring historical information.

The present invention also provides a user interface which may allow forcollaboration components to work with accounting and legal firms thatwork with the company, as discussed elsewhere herein. For example, thecompany may authorize a specific accounting firm to interact with thesystem to provide detailed financial information, such as in the eventcertified data is required upon a request for a 409A valuation. Inaddition, authorized third parties on whom the company relies to providecertain financial and legal services may have independentauthentications required, and once authenticated may provide verifiedinformation necessary for a 409A valuation. In other words, thesubmission by third parties having a professional bar or otherrecognized form of credential may be recognized within the system asbeing directly from such a source, such as via an authentication.

Monetization of this aspect of the present invention may includeproviding access to company personnel and company authorized individualsfor the purposes of providing and/or maintaining/accessing companyinformation resident in the system. The present invention may allowusers, and more specifically high level company users and agents tomanage and discuss the information provided to the system and theanalysis therein.

As illustrated in FIG. 34, the present invention may provide the user ofthe system access to the business valuation aspect of the presentinvention at step 3401. Once the process has begun, the company mayinput, or choose from a list of users within the company or at thirdparties, those individuals that may have access to the evaluationprocess at step 3402. Regardless of whether or not any additional usersare granted access, the system may begin with the acceptance of theinformation described herein at step 3403. Once information has beenentered, the present invention, in part through engine 302, may alertthe user whether sufficient information has been entered to provide a409A or like valuation acceptable for use with a government entity instep 3404. The system may provide, even if insuffient information wasentered, a non-409A valuation of the company in step 3405. The systemmay further ask, at step 3407 and to the extent the entered informationwas insufficient, whether the user wishes to enter the lackinginformation. If the user chooses to enter the information requested atstep 3407, or if the information entered at step 3403 was sufficient, a409A valuation may be outputted at step 3410.

As can be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the present inventionmay be a cloud based system accessible through a variety of portals,including, but not limited to, secure network connection with eachparticipating company. Access to the system may be in the form of asubscription and may be based on a temporal basis. For example, thepresent invention may allow for 409A (or the like) annual subscriptionscosting between about $1,500.00 and $5,500.00, such as based upon thesize of the business. The size of the business may be determined by theestimated value or stated number of employees at renewal or beginning ofeach 409A subscription. The price of subscription may be adjusted withinthe annual period to account for changes in the company or differencesbetween the stated value and the value calculated by the presentinvention, for example. Of course, usage by a company may be unlimitedwithin the subscription period and additional users beyond an initiallyprovided sum may be each charged a specific additional fee, for example.

Business Scoring System

In the past, integrated valuation models have developed in a variety ofsectors, such as in real estate. For example, the proliferation of sitessuch as zillow.com, MLS listings, eppraisal.com and the like allowhomeowners to get a quality, highly valid assessment of the value ofreal estate. Similarly, the availability of credit scores forindividuals, and creditworthiness ratings for businesses, have allowedfor comparison between otherwise disparate individuals and businessesfor reasons such as the issuance of credit, investment, purchases, andthe like. However, prior to the advent of the cloud-based, FICO scoreequivalent for business provided in the present invention, such a valuechain did not exist in a widely available and affordable form forconsumption by large and small businesses.

The business valuation engine 302 discussed hereinthroughout, inconjunction with system 300, readily lends capabilities to allow for thepresent invention to provide a FICO score-equivalent for business. Forexample, the business score may be provided in conjunction with avaluation, or may be provided as a stand-alone, such as pursuant topayment of a separate fee. Further, the business score may be listed, ormay be an aspect of a listing regarding the subject business that alsoincludes other information, in accordance with the herein describedservices.

For example, and as illustrated in the flow chart of FIG. 32, engine 302may perform a foreground (if the valuation is the requested service) orbackground (if the valuation is not the requested service) valuation atstep 602, as detailed herein. The engine may further, as discussedherein, have available to it, such as externally via the network cloud,valuations of other, larger companies, such as publicly traded companiesand the like. The valuations of other, larger companies in the sameindustry as the business of the requesting user may then serve as abaseline, at step 604, for the score of the requested business.

A scale may be assigned for a rating across all businesses andsectors/industries, such as a scale of 1-800, or preferentially 1-777,and the healthiest businesses (i.e., the businesses worth the most) inthe same sector as the requesting business may be assigned a maximumscore, such as 800, for that vertical at step 606. It may be furtherassumed that, for example, a business scoring 200 would have a financialstatus (i.e., the valuation performed by engine 202) that would indicateimminent failure of the business. Thereafter, a sliding scale may beapplied at step 610 to the requesting business, i.e., if certainimportant factors, such as debt/equity ratio, generation of intellectualproperty, or the like, would indicate that a requesting business is 60%financially advanced over others in the space toward the financialhealth of the business(es) scoring 800 in the subject vertical, thebusiness may receive a score of 200+0.6.times.800=680. The score may beoutput at step 612, such as via any of the methods discussed herein foroutputting a valuation report, i.e., such as via thin client, thickclient, paper output (mail), email, widget, app, or the like, by way ofnon-limiting example.

Needless to say, the valuations and business score calculated by thepresent invention may be more optimal if the valuation or the businessscore, or aspects that contribute thereto, are verified and/or certifiedby a third party. Thereby, the verification may provide a higher degreeof confidence in the results calculated by the present invention, andmay thus allow such results to have a higher value in the marketplace(i.e., with potential investors, stockholders, government agencies, andother companies, for example). As such, the business score may betterserve the aforementioned function as a FICO score for business data, andmay better allow the business score to serve as a barometer of businessgrowth and innovation that a business may leverage to show future value.

Present day providers of business valuation information generally accesspublicly available information such as tax records, credit ratings, andpublicly filed information, for example, and utilize such information toprepare generic business records. For example, some valuators use thisinformation to impart a relatively arbitrary ranking or rating to thebusiness. Since such ratings rely on publically available information,most companies are unaware of, or at minimum not reliant on, suchrating(s), and in fact may not even know who has access to, makes useof, or may view such ratings. The providers of such ratings are thuslimited to ranking/rating companies along one of two vectors: 1) thecompany's ability to “pay” (e.g. a calculation related to cash onhand/receipts versus debts); and 2) the company's ability to stay inbusiness.

The typical purchasers of such data are thus not the companiesthemselves, but rather are clients and vendors to these same companies.Whether used by the company itself, or by a client or vendor, it isapparent that a third vector is missing from the aforementionedcalculus—namely an at least partially verified score correlating thisinformation to whether and how a company can grow, innovate, and lead inits field. Thus, the present invention may provide a business score,and/or a business valuation, that is calculated using at least one pointof verified information. As used herein, “verification” may include thereviewing, inspecting or testing of information submitted to the presentinvention, in order to establish and document that the information istrue, correct and/or may be generally accepted. Such verification may bemade by a third party having an arm's length relationship with thecompany, and/or by a professional or professional body applying relevantprofessional standards, such as, for example, an accountant and/or anattorney.

Verification may also be passively applied to information received froma known and/or reputable third party source, such as, for example,directly from a financial institution or the government, as discussedhereinabove in greater detail with respect to FIG. 4. For example,information collected and/or correlated by the Internal Revenue Service(IRS) may be accessed and imported into the present invention pursuantto the request of or authorization by the company, and such IRSinformation may be authenticated by importation through a known, secureinterface with the IRS, such as through a specific domain, for example.Similarly, information may be received under signature from a knownfinancial institution and/or a legal professional, for example, pursuantto authorization from the requesting company.

Such verification of information is in sharp contrast to other sourcesand third party vendors of business related information. For example,many private services, such as, for example, Dunn and Bradstreet, offera numerical evaluation, or rating per the discussion above, based onunverified and/or stale data. For example, such services rely onreported payment rates and debt/receivables/revenue values, which areoften more than a year old. With respect to payment rates, reporting isoften limited to just a few creditors doing business with the subjectcompany, and may be further skewed by volunteer reporting of onlynegative events. Similarly, revenue values, especially for privatelyheld or emerging companies, may be of an unknown value either becausesuch information is not publically available or because it simply doesnot exist. Furthermore, even if certain financial information becomespublically available, the reporting of such information, such as througha 409A valuation, for example, may occur infrequently in time and mayprove to be wholly irrelevant at the time such information is used informulating a valuation.

Perhaps more importantly, such sources and third party vendors ofbusiness related ratings generally rely entirely on unverified publicinformation. For example, although available to third party ratingsentities, a “slow pay” warning given by a credit reporting agency, suchas Experian, may be a result of a misunderstanding between the companyand a creditor, a simple mistake by the creditor and/or credit reportingagency, and/or a result of a liable or negligent act by limitedpersonnel within the company. Under many such scenarios, the informationcollected and relied upon sources of information, such as informationfrom the credit reporting agency, for example, may thus be unverifiedand may thereby lead to hampering the usefulness of the otherwiseverified information when the two are aggregated together.

To mitigate or avoid such limitation on the usefulness of the verifiedinformation caused by the unverified information, the present inventionmay allow for both verified and unverified information to exist togetherin formulating a business score or valuation. The present invention may,for example, include a value for any and all information but maydelineate values based on verified and unverified information and/or thetype of such information.

Thus, the present invention may value the same information differentlyif it is verified versus unverified. For example, a company may inputits gross revenue into the present invention, but may not offer orprovide any third party verification or certification of the inputteddata. Such unverified information may be assigned a contributing valuetowards the overall business score, for example. However, if the companyprovides the same information in a verified format, or subsequentlyprovides verification/certification of the information, such as, forexample, by providing a copy of an investment prospectus, theinformation may be provided a “verified” value of 20 points higher forverified gross revenue, as compared to the value assigned for unverifiedgross revenue. Further still, if the certification of the information isby a more trusted source, such as, for example, a government agency asdiscussed above, the same “verified” information may be provided anadditional value of 10 more points on the business score, bringing thetotal score increase for the provided verification to 30 points higherthan the score otherwise would have been, for example.

Therefore, a company may knowingly increase its score, and/or itsvaluation, by increasing the verified aspects of the information used togenerate that score or valuation. Thereby, a user may obtain piecemealverifications of information, such as to incrementally increase abusiness score and/or to gain an advantage as against competitors thatdo not provide verifications of that piece of business information, ormay obtain verifications of all, or the most significant, factorsaffecting a score or valuation.

As discussed above, verification of company information may bedelineated by source. For example, entry of information may be at leastinitiated by employees of the company, and/or may emanate from a privatebank and/or a credit ratings agency, and/or may come from a governmentagency, for example. Utilizing the steps enumerated herein, a verifiedvaluation or score may further rely upon additional steps and/or actionsto obtain verifications or certifications, such as additionalcommunication paths between the present invention and third-partyverifiers, encrypted or secure communications, and the like.

The business score may indicate whether the score is the highestachieved by the company, the highest received by any company, thehighest received by a company in a defined category, and/or the lowestscore for the foregoing categories, and/or similar indicators as wouldbe known to those skilled in the art. Similarly, an icon may be providedto the company for display purposes, both electronic and otherwise, toindicate the company's business score, either in a direct or indirectmanner.

The most basic business score may be first obtained, at step 11, by acompany once the company has inputted at least the company's name andcontact information, such as an email address, for example. This baseline of information may represent the minimum business score that may beissued by the present invention. Adding information, such as at step 13,may allow the score to be increased or decreased based on the actualcontent of the entered information. For example, the score may be raisedthrough adding information such as, for example, revenue growth over adefined period of time (score of 100-200); gross margin (score of100-200); Recurring revenue (score of up to 75); interest expense (scoreof 25 to −50); intellectual property (score of up to 25); orprofitability (score of up to 200), for example. The score increase maythen be further affected, at step 15, based on the verification ornon-verification of entered information.

The business scores of certain companies utilizing the present inventionmay be listed in a common place, such as within the GUI associated withthe present invention and discussed herein. A company wishing to raiseits score versus at least one other company may thus provide additionalinformation which may raise the company's score at step 13, and/or mayprovide verify the information already entered or provide furtherverified information at step 15. For example, a company having a scoreof 510 may verify a newly issued debt instrument, which may raise thecompany's score by 50 points to 560.

Further, utilizing the same example, the verification of the debtinstrument may be at least the second piece of information verified bythe company and may thus result in an additional point award of 20points for having two verifications, for example, which would raise thescore in this example to 580. Such bonus score points may be provided invarious ways for verification(s) of information and/or other additionalinformation provided by the company.

By way of further example, a verification of EBITDA margin may providefor the awarding of bonus points on a business score or valuation. Byway of non-limiting example, if the EBITDA is verified as 0 to 10%, 25points may be added; if the EBITDA is verified as 11 to 25%, 50 pointsmay be added; if the EBITDA is verified as 25 to 50%, 75 points may beadded; and if the EBITDA is verified as 51 or more, 100 points may beadded.

Business Flagging System

FIG. 33 illustrates a flagging option to be used in accordance with thepresent invention.

As shown by the exemplary flags, a number of flags may be selectable bythe requesting/participating user to indicate a status, want, need, orthe like of the requesting user's business. For example, a smallbusiness may be looking to raise funds, explore mergers, meet partners,or sell a company. Conversely, a large business, investor or bank may belooking for partners for, for example, SBIR participation, or may belooking to make investments or to make acquisitions in certaintechnologies, or the like.

By providing the flagging system discussed herein, these indications maybe made when a party is located by a search, such as a search forparties having the desired status, in accordance with the discussionherein and on the thin client, thick client, app, widget, or the like UIfrom which a valuation would be generated according to the presentinvention. Additionally or alternatively, a requesting user may placesuch a flag in association with the user's website, such as by insertionof java thereon, or by association of a widget therewith, by way ofnon-limiting example, to indicate to visitors to the site, or to searchengines that pick up the site, information with regard to the requestingbusiness's status.

It almost goes without saying that the flags illustrated in FIG. 31 areexemplary only. That is to say, other types of flags, indicators,colors, markers, audio or visual cues, metadata, or the like may be usedas a “flag” to facilitate the marketplace regarding or between flaggedbusinesses in accordance with the present invention.

Revenue Generation Systems

The systems and methods of the present invention provides severalopportunities for revenue generation to the provider of the methodology.The first is generation of revenue from highly targeted advertising. Asdiscussed hereinthroughout, the present invention receives and tracksinformation regarding a business at the steps during which input isrequested. Additionally, information incorporated from outside theengine of the present invention, such as a creditworthiness score or aDunn & Bradstreet report, by way of non-limiting example, as well asinformation generated for inclusion in a valuation report in accordancewith the present invention, may be accumulated by the present invention.All such information accumulated, namely the entered information, theinformation externally gained by the engine of the present invention,and the reported valuation information, may further be associated withan account associated with the report requester, which account mayadditionally include yet further information. Some or all of suchaccumulated information may be tracked to allow for highly targetadvertising to users of the present invention.

A second revenue generation model includes individual or subscriptionsales of the valuation reports and/or scores associated with the engineof the present invention. Subscriptions may be, for example, annual ormonthly, for example. For example, the reporting and/or scoring and/orflagging associated with the valuation generation, as discussed herein,may allow for entry of payment information, such as locally to therequesting user, for receipt of payment remotely via the serviceprovider, such as using a network connection between the requesting userand the service provider. Such a case-by-case payment schema may requirethe same payment from any requesting user, or may, for example, allowfor the required payment to vary based on particular factors, such asthe number of employees or debt-to-equity ratio of the requesting user.Payment schema may vary dynamically, and payment may be entered via anyknown method, including via entry of credit card or Paypal information.

An additional revenue generation model according to the presentinvention includes a private labeling and/or licensing system foraccessing the reporting/scoring/flagging engine 302. Such privatelabeling may allow for certain of the herein-discussed entities to whomthe present invention would be highly useful, such as an insurance agentendeavoring to sell a client an adequate level of insurance commensuratewith a value of a business owned by such client, to privately sellaccess to the reporting/scoring/flagging engine. Private labelingrevenue may be generated by, for example, first receiving, by the engine302 provider, of an activation fee. Further fees might include, by wayof non-limiting example, fees for each transaction consummated by theprivate labeler, and fees for providing technical support, hosting,bandwidth, and the like.

Exemplary Offerings

The following sections illustrate, by way of non-limiting example,exemplary embodiments in which the present invention may be offered in,for example, a private labeling or license context. However, theseexemplary embodiments are not limited to private labeling or licensingcontexts, and may thus be made available on a payment per transactionbasis, a payment per bulk transactions basis, or like bases, as will beappreciated by those skilled in the art in light of the discussionhereinbelow.

Accounting Firm

Use of the present invention to allow accounting firms to providereporting and/or scoring for small businesses and small business-ownerclients may provide increased frequency of client interaction, includingon matters other than taxation. For example, a simple, yet highly validvaluation provided through the use of the present invention may attractmore offline and/or detailed business valuations. Further, prospectivevaluation reports, i.e. reports regarding the effects of variousbusiness opportunities, such as taking on additional investors, mayallow for the providing of a growth consulting practice that allows forbusinesses or business owners to predictively analyze how best to growthe worth of a business, either for business or personal reasons. Such alicensing or private labeling model may be based upon an up frontpayment, royalty per transaction, and/or a license based on number ofemployees of the business to be assessed and/or the accounting firm, byway of non-limiting example.

Retail Bank

Use of the present invention to allow retail banks to provide and/oranalyze reporting, flagging and/or scoring for small businesses andsmall business owner clients may provide the ability to more effectivelyand efficiently attract better and more loans for small and emerginggrowth businesses and business owners. Further, current reports andprospective valuation reports may allow for improved and more criticalrisk management, broader accumulation of risk management data (such asby having more and better analysis across branches), and improvedprediction of potential loan success. Such a licensing or privatelabeling model may be based upon an up-front payment, royalty pertransaction, and/or a license based on number of branches or assetsunder management, by way of non-limiting example.

Insurance Firm

Yet more particularly, the present invention may provide an upsell toolfor premiums. In typical embodiments, insurance agents offer, forexample, term life and whole life policies, but the adequacy of thecoverage of such policies, for a small business owner, is highly relatedto the value of that small business owner's business. Thus, the presentinvention allows the small business owner to be provided with a highlyvalid indication of business valuation, and, if the received businessvaluation indicates that the insurance coverage for the owner of thatbusiness is not adequate, an adequate policy may preferably be up-soldto the small business owner.

A licensing or private labeling model as discussed in this section maybe provided, for example, as a bundled financial advisory and assessmenttool, or as a stand-alone. The licensing or private labeling model maybe based upon an up front payment, a royalty per transaction, and/or alicense based on number of reports run by agents, by way of non-limitingexample.

Sale/License Broker

The present invention may enable brokerage/auction sites and firms toprovide reporting, flagging and/or scoring for small businessesparticipating in the site, or with the firm, such as to find a buyer,investor, or licensee for the small business or its technology. By wayof non-limiting example, the valuation, flag and/or score of a smallbusiness may be included in its searchable profile on a broker's site,whereby a prospective buyer, investor or licensee may readily view thevaluation, flag or score of the small business. Thereby, the prospectivebuyer/investor/licensee may receive an indication whether a transactionwith the small business is desired by the small business, and/or is ofinterest to the prospective buyer/investor/licensee.

The present invention in this exemplary embodiment may be offered in atleast a partially secure manner, such wherein only limited informationabout the small business may be made available by the small business. Alicensing or private labeling model as discussed in this section may beprovided, for example, as a bundled tool, a web-based or widgetizedtool, a hyperlinked tool, or as a stand-alone. The licensing or privatelabeling model in this embodiment may be based upon an up front paymentfrom the broker, a royalty per transaction, and/or a license based onnumber of transactions engaged in by the broker, by way of non-limitingexample.

Those of skill in the art will appreciate that the herein describedsystems and methods may be subject to various modifications andalternative constructions. There is no intention to limit the scope ofthe invention to the specific constructions described herein. Rather,the herein described systems and methods are intended to cover allmodifications, alternative constructions, and equivalents falling withinthe scope and spirit of the invention and its equivalents.

What is claimed is:
 1. A computer-implemented system for generating abusiness valuation, comprising: a tangible computing processor; anetwork port in data communication with the processor and operative tocouple the processor to a network; a non-transitory computer readablestorage device in data communication with the processor and havingencoded thereon computer executable instructions which, when executed bythe processor, implement: a graphical user interface that prompts avaluation requester to input information of a company, including generalinformation, financial information, and presence information of thecompany, wherein the financial information includes informationpertaining to deferred compensation certified to be in compliance withtax reporting requirements; a query engine that queries third partylocations on the network for information related to the company; avaluation engine having a plurality of rules that calculates, inaccordance with the plurality of rules, a business valuation of thecompany using the input information of the company and the informationrelated to the company from the third party locations; and a reportingengine that delivers the business valuation in a report; wherein thecalculating the business valuation by the valuation engine includes:determining a valuation multiplier based on at least one of a code thatclassifies business establishments according to a type of economicactivity in Canada, Mexico, and the United States of America, a revenuegrowth, and an earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation andamortization (ebitda) margin; calculating a seller's discretionaryearnings (SDE) as at least a sum of year-weighted averages of pretaxincome, owner salary, owner benefits, one-time benefits, non-cash items,interest expense, and one-time costs, wherein each respective weightedaverage is determined as a subject of variables y1, y2, and y3, whereiny1 is the value of the subject variable for the most recent year, y21 isthe subject variable for the year immediately preceding y1, and y3 isthe value of the subject variable for the year immediately preceding y2,and wherein w is determined by: if y1 is not provided, then w is zero;else if y1 is the only year provided, then w is y1; else if y1 and y2are the only years provided, then w is(y1×R1)+(y2×R2); else if y1 and y3 are the only years provided, then wis(y1×R1)+(y2×R2); else if y1, y2, and y3 are all provided, then w is(y1×R3)+(y2×R4)+(y3×R5); wherein Rn is a predetermined ratio, andwherein the sum of all Rn and any w is 1; adjusting the calculated SDEfor inflation and pre-tax growth, calculating an interim valuation basedon a product of the adjusted SDE and the valuation multiplier; andcalculating the valuation by applying to the interim valuation at leastone of a negative valuation adjustment, a recurring revenue adjustment,an intellectual property adjustment, an adjustment based on sales to aselect number of top customers as a percentage of total sales, anadjustment to subtract recent year debt, an adjustment to add recentyear cash, an adjustment to subtract 50% of recent year depreciation, anadjustment to add recent year fixed assets, an adjustment to add 80% ofrecent year accounts receivable, and an adjustment to add 75% of recentyear inventory.
 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the companyinformation is used with information of at least one of a recent changein the circumstances of the company and a recent change in an industryof the company to calculate an enhanced business valuation.
 3. Thesystem of claim 1, wherein the business valuation includes a value of atleast one asset that is one of a tangible asset, a liquid asset, and afinancial instrument.
 4. The system of claim 3, wherein at least one ofthe assets is one of a promissory note, a pledge, a purchase order, anaccount receivable, cash, and an option.
 5. The system of claim 1,wherein code for presenting the graphical user interface is generatedremotely from the valuation requester.
 6. The system of claim 1, whereinthe graphical user interface prompts the valuation requester for aninformation flag.
 7. The system of claim 6, wherein the information flagis user selectable.
 8. The system of claim 5, wherein the graphical userinterface code is accessible from at least two remote locations.
 9. Thesystem of claim 1, wherein the graphical user interface is accessible byat least two valuation requesters.
 10. The system of claim 1, whereinthe valuation requester is not associated with the company.
 11. Thesystem of claim 1, wherein the certified company information is receivedfrom a professionally credentialed third party.
 12. Acomputer-implemented method for generating a business valuation,comprising: a computer prompting a valuation requester to input, via agraphical user interface, information of a company, including generalinformation, financial information, and presence information of thecompany, wherein the financial information includes informationpertaining to deferred compensation certified to be in compliance withtax reporting requirements; the computer querying third party locationson a network for information related to the company; the computercalculating a business valuation of the company using the input companyinformation and the information related to the company from the thirdparty locations; and the computer providing the business valuation in areport; wherein the calculating the business valuation includes:determining a valuation multiplier based on at least one of a code thatclassifies business establishments according to a type of economicactivity in Canada, Mexico, and the United States of America, aprojected revenue growth, and a long term earnings before interest,taxes, depreciation and amortization (ebitda) margin; calculating aseller's discretionary earnings (SDE) as at least a sum of year-weightedaverages of pretax income, owner salary, owner benefits, one-timebenefits, interest expense, and one-time costs, wherein each respectiveweighted average is determined as a subject of variables y1, y2, and y3,wherein y1 is the value of the subject variable for the most recentyear, y2 is the subject variable for the year immediately preceding y1,and y3 is the value of the subject variable for the year immediatelypreceding y2, and wherein w is determined by: if y1 is not provided,then w is zero; else if y1 is the only year provided, then w is y1; elseif y1 and y2 are the only years provided, then w is(y1×R1)+(y2×R2); else if y1 and y3 are the only years provided, then wis(y1×R1)+(y2×R2); else if y1, y2, and y3 are all provided, then w is(y1×R3)+(y2×R4)+(y3×R5); wherein Rn is a predetermined ratio, andwherein the sum of all Rn for any w is 1; adjusting the calculated SDEfor inflation and pre-tax growth, calculating an interim valuation basedon a product of the adjusted SDE and the valuation multiplier; andcalculating the valuation by applying to the interim valuation at leastone of a negative valuation adjustment, a recurring revenue adjustment,an intellectual property adjustment, an adjustment based on sales to aselect number of top customers as a percentage of total sales, anadjustment to subtract recent year debt, an adjustment to add recentyear cash, an adjustment to subtract 50% of recent year depreciation, anadjustment to add recent year fixed assets, an adjustment to add 80% ofrecent year accounts receivable, and an adjustment to add 75% of recentyear inventory.
 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the companyinformation is used with information of at least one of a recent changein the circumstances of the company and a recent change in an industryof the company to calculate an enhanced business valuation.
 14. Themethod of claim 12, wherein the input company information includes atleast one of a third party payment score, a credit score, a tax return,liabilities, debt incurred, and cash accrued.
 15. The method of claim12, wherein the business valuation includes a value of at least oneasset that is one of a tangible asset, a liquid asset, and a financialinstrument owned by the company.
 16. The method of claim 15, wherein atleast one of the assets is one of a promissory note, a pledge, apurchase order, an account receivable, cash, and an option.
 17. Themethod of claim 12L the graphical user interface prompts the valuationrequester for at least one information flag.
 18. The method of claim 17,wherein the information flag is selectable by the valuation requester.19. The method of claim 12, wherein code for presenting the graphicaluser interface is generated remotely from the valuation requester. 20.The method of claim 12, wherein the certified company information isobtained from a professionally credentialed third party.